It's an ideal time to prepare farmyard manure during winter. However, due to the low temperatures and the challenges of fermentation, certain key steps must be carefully followed to ensure effective composting.
First, choose a suitable location for the compost pile. It should be close to the source of organic materials, sheltered from the wind, and easily accessible for transportation. This helps in maintaining warmth and making the process more efficient.
When building the pile, it's best to shape it into a rounded heap with a height of over one meter. This structure helps retain heat and promotes better fermentation. Begin by laying a layer of soil or chopped grass at the base, then add the mixed farmyard manure in layers. Make sure each layer is evenly distributed to encourage uniform decomposition.
To prevent freezing and speed up the fermentation process, you can dig small pits into the pile. Place weeds or dry plant material in these pits and light them on fire. Let them smolder slowly, which will generate heat and help maintain the temperature inside the pile. For larger piles, multiple pits can be created to enhance the effect.
Once the pile is built, cover it with a layer of chopped grass or straw, about 30–50 cm thick, to provide insulation. Then, apply a layer of mud or clay to seal the pile, which further retains heat and prevents moisture loss. If available, covering the pile with old plastic sheets can also improve insulation and protect it from rain or snow.
By following these steps, you can effectively manage the composting process during winter, ensuring that the manure is well-fermented and ready for use in the next growing season.
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