In large-scale agricultural production, on the one hand, the soil organic matter content of long-term application of chemical fertilizers is continuously declining. On the one hand, the straw after rice, wheat, rapeseed and corn harvested in the field is incinerated in the field to cause environmental pollution. The author promoted grass covering technology in cotton fields for many years. The results show that the technology has ten significant effects on cotton production.
The first is insurance. Before the cotton was sealed, the empty line was barely exposed for more than two months, and cotton was often susceptible to drought. After the cover of the cotton is widened, the water content of the soil is significantly increased. It has been determined that the grass has a water content of 5 to 12 percentage points higher than that of the uncovered grass.
The second is to protect the fertilizer. When the exposed cotton line encounters heavy rain, the soil quick-acting nutrients are easily lost, and the cotton field covers the grass to prevent the waste of nutrients.
The third is to prevent the knot. No matter which kind of grass covers the cotton field, after the heavy rain is washed, the covered grass can be uncovered and the soil is kept loose and has good permeability.
The fourth is to control weeds. From May to June, at the same time as the rapid growth of cotton, it is also the moment when weeds compete for glory, compete for fat, and compete for space. Covered cotton fields are significantly less than uncovered grass weeds.
The fifth is to prevent lodging. Many cotton transplanted with nutrient seedlings have reduced the ability to support the plants on the ground due to the cutting of the main roots. In addition, the cotton with high peaches and high boll weight is added in the middle and late stages. It is 70% to 80%, and the cotton planting cotton planted with cover grass is only about 10%.
The sixth is to adjust the soil temperature. In the hot season, the temperature of the soil at 5 cm deep in the grass field is 1.3-3.8 °C lower than that of the uncovered grass, ensuring that the cotton is normally seated at high temperatures.
Seven is to improve the soil. The cotton-covered cotton field has better agglomerate structure than the uncovered grass cotton field, and the organic matter content increases by 0.03% to 0.30%, which is bound to enhance the cotton production stamina.
Eight is to reduce the buds falling off. The rate of cotton buds falling from the grass is reduced by 8.2 to 17.4 percentage points.
Nine is cost saving. The grass and grass fields can be rotted in the cotton line in the same year. Compared with the uncovered grass field, the investment of fertilizer can be saved by 30 yuan per mu.
Ten is the early maturity increase. The cotton covered with grass is concentrated on the peaches of the uncovered grass, and the vomiting is earlier, and the average yield per mu is 5% to 7%.
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