Water pump working principle map

A water jet pump operates by using a working medium, typically water, under high pressure. This pressurized water is directed through a nozzle into the suction chamber, where it converts its pressure energy into kinetic energy, creating a high-speed jet. As this jet enters the suction chamber, it draws in surrounding gas, mixing with it to form a gas-liquid mixture. This mixture then flows into a diffuser, which helps reduce the pressure in the suction chamber, effectively creating a vacuum. In the diffuser's expansion section, the kinetic energy of the mixed jet is converted back into pressure energy. As a result, the velocity of the fluid decreases, and the pressure increases, further compressing the gas. The gas and water are then discharged from the pump, and after entering a water tank, they are separated. The gas is released into the atmosphere, while the water is recirculated by a water pump, allowing the system to maintain continuous vacuum operation. The nozzle of a single-stage water jet pump can be either a single-nozzle design, such as a tapered nozzle, or a multi-nozzle configuration that includes multiple orifices on a single plate. Each design has its own advantages depending on the application requirements. Regarding vacuum pumps, different types have varying working pressure ranges and starting pressures. For example: - **Piston Vacuum Pump**: Working pressure range 1 × 10⁵ to 1.3 × 10² Pa, starting pressure 1 × 10⁵ Pa - **Rotary Vacuum Pump**: Working pressure range 1 × 10⁵ to 6.7 × 10⁻¹ Pa, starting pressure 1 × 10⁵ Pa - **Water Ring Vacuum Pump**: Working pressure range 1 × 10⁵ to 2.7 × 10³ Pa, starting pressure 1 × 10⁵ Pa - **Roots Vacuum Pump**: Working pressure range 1.3 × 10³ to 1.3 Pa, starting pressure 1.3 × 10³ Pa - **Turbomolecular Pump**: Working pressure range 1.3 to 1.3 × 10⁻⁵ Pa, starting pressure 1.3 Pa - **Steam Jet Pump**: Working pressure range 1 × 10⁵ to 1.3 × 10⁻¹ Pa, starting pressure 1 × 10⁵ Pa - **Oil Diffusion Pump**: Working pressure range 1.3 × 10⁻² to 1.3 × 10⁻⁷ Pa, starting pressure 1.3 × 10⁻² Pa - **Oil Vapor Jet Pump**: Working pressure range 1.3 × 10⁻¹ to 1.3 × 10⁻² Pa, starting pressure 1.3 × 10⁻² Pa - **Molecular Sieve Adsorption Pump**: Working pressure range 1 × 10⁵ to 1.3 × 10⁻¹ Pa, starting pressure 1 × 10⁵ Pa - **Sputtering Ion Pump**: Working pressure range 1.3 × 10⁻³ to 1.3 × 10⁻⁹ Pa, starting pressure 6.7 × 10⁻¹ Pa - **Titanium Sublimation Pump**: Working pressure range 1.3 × 10⁻² to 1.3 × 10⁻⁹ Pa, starting pressure 1.3 × 10⁻² Pa - **Zirconium Aluminum Getter Pump**: Working pressure range 1.3 × 10⁻¹ to 1.3 × 10⁻¹¹ Pa, starting pressure 1.3 × 10⁻¹ Pa - **Cryogenic Pump**: Working pressure range 1.3 to 1.3 × 10⁻¹¹ Pa, starting pressure 1.3 to 1.3 × 10⁻¹¹ Pa Each type of vacuum pump is suited for specific applications based on the required vacuum level and operating conditions. Understanding these parameters helps in selecting the right pump for industrial, scientific, or laboratory use.

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