At present, it is generally accepted that the development of structural materials with high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high temperature resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance is the main direction for the development of new generation high performance structural materials. Based on the above background, in this technical exchange activity, 32 experts and scholars made more than 30 exciting and in-depth professional reports on aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium and other metal materials and composite materials based on their respective research expertise. For the exchange of materials in recent years with innovative scientific and technological achievements and application results, to promote the industry's various new technologies, new processes of research and development, promotion and application, now part of the content of the report to organize and excerpt.
　　
Metal Controlled Solidification and Control of New Forming Processes Xie Jianxin Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Professor of Beijing University of Science and Technology
　　 Material preparation and processing is one of the important factors that determine its performance, and it is also an important part of materials science and engineering. In recent years, the development of high-tech has imposed higher and higher requirements on the use of materials. Therefore, the realization of the "three highs and two lows" technological approach, shortens the traditional production process, simplifies the process, and develops new technologies for short processes becomes material Preparation and processing of key research and development direction.
This is in line with the requirements of energy conservation and consumption reduction and improvement of production efficiency. It is helpful for the development of new preparation and forming processing technologies, such as 3D printing; the development of advanced preparation and processing technologies, such as intelligent preparation and processing technologies, to achieve organizational performance and configuration. Accurate control of the entire process, improve the use of traditional materials, and develop high value-added products.
In the whole process of casting, processing and heat treatment, the interaction and genetic evolution of metal's "solidification-deformation-transformation-tissue performance-technology" are coordinated and precise control is implemented. New processing technologies and new technologies are developed to realize metal materials/components The high performance, the short flow of traditional processing technology, and the processability of brittle and difficult-to-machine materials are important trends.
China's copper resource security issues are outstanding, resources are scarce, recoverable reserves of about 30 million tons, accounting for only 4.5% of the world; China's copper consumption in 2015 exceeded 11.5 million tons, accounting for more than 40% of the world, in addition, since 2010, China’s copper The dependence on import of resources is as high as 75%. Therefore, the development of copper-aluminum composite materials will help reduce costs and increase efficiency, and promote the healthy development of the industry.
　　 Can advance with aluminum section copper. First, instead of pure copper flat row, the annual demand for flat row in China is about 1 million tons, including 400,000 tons for the power industry, 400,000 tons for the construction industry, and 200,000 tons for the fields of metallurgy, chemical industry, transportation, and manufacturing. More than 90% can be replaced by copper clad aluminum composite flat row. In addition, in the high-tech field, the demand for cost reduction and weight reduction is equally strong. The copper-clad aluminum composite flat row is used in new energy (wind power, photovoltaic) and other fields, helping to reduce costs and increase the competitiveness of strategic emerging industries; It is used in high-speed railways, large aircrafts and other modern transportation areas, which is conducive to weight reduction and energy consumption reduction. Taking the Airbus A380 passenger aircraft as an example, each unit uses a copper-clad aluminum composite flat row for 1 ton, which can reduce weight by 1.2 tons. The effect is significant; It is an alternative to pure copper flat wire, etc. The current annual usage of China's cable and electromagnetic flat wire is about 3.5 million tons, and the replaceable amount is about 1 million tons. If copper-clad aluminum is used instead of pure copper, it will greatly reduce the weight of windings, wires, and transportation. Moreover, large-size cables, large-scale power transformers, and special transformer windings can be replaced with copper-clad aluminum.
　 The development of copper-aluminum composite materials is inseparable from advanced technology support. Bimetal rolling tends to produce high tensile stress at the edges, leading to edge cracking defects. Taking copper and aluminum composite material as a direct composite new process as an example, it has developed a special hole rolling and forced lubrication drawing technology aiming at the great difference in properties of copper and aluminum, which has broken through the problem of coordinated deformation of double metals; Copper-aluminum composite rolling process - drawing process and a full set of equipment.
　 Promote the development of advanced material preparation and forming processing technologies in China, and develop new principles and methods for the control of solidification and controlled forming of metal materials, which can meet the needs of high-tech development and national defense construction; and develop solidified and controlled metal materials suitable for industrial applications. The prototype of the forming technology can meet the demand for the integration of traditional structural materials into high performance, compounding, and structural and functional development. It is conducive to the development of common key technologies for preparation and processing, breaking through the short process preparation and processing of high-performance metal materials and the key to high-quality industrial applications. Technical breakthroughs.
　　
Green Magnesium - Practice of Shanghai Jiaotong University Ding Wenjiang Academician, Chinese Academy of Engineering, Professor, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University
Magnesium is an important metal material. China has rich magnesium resources, and rare earth is our country's advantageous resources. Since there are resource advantages, how to turn resource advantages into technological advantages, and then turn technological advantages into economic advantages, this is what we need to consider.
　 The work we are doing now is mainly to use rare earth to reform magnesium, and use rare earth to achieve high strength and heat resistance of magnesium. Magnesium combined with rare earths can achieve comprehensive performance optimization. Its low specific gravity, high specific strength, vibration absorption, noise reduction, electromagnetic shielding, and easy recovery. Magnesium rare earth alloys have high strength, high toughness, corrosion resistance and heat resistance.
　 The research results mainly include the following four aspects: First, the material research has made some progress. Proved the magnesium combustion mechanism and the cause of the corrosion of magnesium, found that the university has precipitated the strengthening phase, explained the necessary conditions for the formation of the long-cycled ordered structure, and secondly, it has made breakthroughs in the process technology. The company has developed low-cost manufacturing technologies for magnesium rare earth intermediate alloys , pure purification technologies for magnesium rare earth alloy melts, magnesium alloy sand-type precision casting technologies, and ultrasonic anodizing surface treatment technologies and equipment. Third, the application of key and important components has been expanded. Five kinds of high-performance magnesium alloys were created, a variety of new technologies and equipment were developed, and more than 50 kinds of magnesium components were developed. Currently, research and development are carried out on the following: armed helicopter main engines, ground-to-ground missile modules, V6 engine blocks, Fighting aircraft seat skeletons, etc.; Fourth, new research and development of magnesium functional materials. There are breakthroughs in energy raw materials, such as nano-core-shell MgH2 hydrogen storage materials, magnesium ion rechargeable energy storage materials and systems. Degradable magnesium-based human in vivo implantable materials and devices thereof, such as heart stents, bone plates, nerve leads, and the like, as well as magnesium-based hydrogen-induced color-changing materials and systems thereof.
In addition, a series of advances have been made in the research of JDZM flame-retardant alloys, JDM1 high-toughness corrosion-resistant alloys, JDM2 high-strength alloys, and other materials, and in the co-electrolysis preparation of Mg-RE master alloys, deep purification of magnesium rare earth alloys, ultrasonic anodizing and Equipment and other aspects have achieved technological breakthroughs.
　 We must uphold the concept of "innovation-driven development" and analyze the key issues in the development and innovation transformation in light of the current status of discipline development. We must combine material application design with China Manufacturing 2050 to focus on manufacturing development. We should rely on superior resources to form a green industry; strengthen basic research and create Chinese brands; integrate system technologies to increase added value; and establish industry-acader alliances to promote sustainable development.
　　
Semi-melt Rolling Technology and Application of Copper-aluminum Laminated Composites Xie Jingpei Vice President of Henan University of Science and Technology
China is a big country in the aluminum industry and also a big consumer of copper. However, China lacks copper resources. More than 75% of copper materials need to be imported. The contradiction between supply and demand is increasing. In recent years, the country has strongly supported the development of copper-aluminum composite materials. In 2016, the National Natural Science Foundation of China will focus on “key issues in the design, preparation, processing, and application of non-ferrous metals materials†and “optimized design principles and methods of multi-dimensional, multi-scale, multi-level structure conforming materials†as key support projects.
Copper-aluminum composite material is the basic raw material for the upgrading of information technology, new energy and other industries. In the field of information technology, it can effectively reduce the pollution caused by aluminum copper plating and reduce the weight of materials; in the field of new energy, it is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Components, electric vehicle power battery cooling plate best choice; in the building decoration industry, copper curtain wall, copper door and other composite materials can replace pure copper materials, save materials, reduce costs. In addition, replacing copper with aluminum and titanium with aluminum is conducive to optimizing the national resource structure, and promoting the adjustment of non-ferrous metal resource structure and industrial structure.
　　 At present, the research hotspots of composite materials at home and abroad mainly focus on the preparation process, the research of composite theory and bonding mechanism, the interface research of bimetal composite materials, the composite technology of semi-melt casting and rolling of copper-aluminum laminated composite materials, and the technical bottlenecks in popularization and application. .
　 The development trend of composite materials is mainly the following two points: First, the dissimilar metal composite material interface structure, interface adaptation, interface control mechanism research. Based on diffusion theory and energy theory, the interfacial diffusion and interfacial phase transition behaviors were studied, the diffusion dynamic model was established, and the relationship between the diffusion layer thickness and the process variables was investigated; and the interfacial structural evolution, interfacial compounds were explored in the heterogeneous metal layered composite process. Thermodynamic and kinetic conditions for formation, control criteria for growth of interfacial compounds, and tailored interfacial control mechanisms based on different service performance requirements based on studies of interfacial layer thickness and composite material properties; breakthrough in interface adaptation for dissimilar metal composite processing , defect control and other key technologies.
　
Second, a wide range of heterogeneous metal layered composite co-degeneration mechanism. Based on the numerical simulation technique and the thermal conduction diffusion mechanism of multi-association objects in the synergistic deformation process of dissimilar metals, the stress field, temperature field, rheological field distribution, cooperative recrystallization mechanism and interfacial structure evolution mechanism during dissimilar metal deformation are explored; The relationship between heat treatment process parameters and the processing of heterogeneous metal composites, such as co-deformation, recrystallization, texture recovery, and the stability of the microstructure and properties, the critical conditions for synergetic deformation and recrystallization were proposed, and the deep processing of wide dissimilar metal layered composite materials was constructed. Guidelines.
　　
Application of ultra-light magnesium-lithium alloys in aerospace and other fields Xiaoyang Zhong Aluminum Director Zhengzhou Institute of Light Metal Research Institute of Light Metal Materials
　　 Magnesium-lithium alloy is currently the lightest metal structural material. It is composed of the combination of the lightest metal lithium and the lightest structural metal magnesium. It has ultra-light weight, high specific strength, high specific modulus and excellent rigidity.
Magnesium-lithium alloy is the metal structure material with the most weight-reducing potential. The use of ultra-light magnesium-lithium alloy will help to achieve structural weight reduction, improve mobility and flexibility. It has good electrical and thermal conductivity, which is unmatched by other non-metallic lightweight materials; it has outstanding shock absorption properties. Magnesium-lithium alloy has a large internal friction coefficient, and the internal friction coefficient indicates that the material can consume more energy in the metal when vibration occurs, so as to achieve the shock absorption effect, improve the reliability of the equipment, and can also play a role in noise reduction. Role; has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance. It can greatly improve the safety and accuracy of the equipment. It can not be replaced by other materials. It has excellent weldability. Welding performance is an important indicator of the material. The welding connection is firm, stable and reliable. It is a permanent connection and can reduce the structure. Weight, simplified processing and assembly processes, etc., can be used TlG welding, laser welding, friction stir welding, technology has matured; good mechanical processing and cold forming capabilities. Conventional magnesium alloys are all hot-formed and cannot be cold-worked, but magnesium-lithium alloys can be cold-worked, and the cold-workability is excellent. The total cold-rolling rate can reach 90%. Room-temperature stamping can be performed, and the yield is over 90%. . In addition, the magnesium-lithium alloy can be recycled 100%, and the recovered metal resources can be re-entered into society for the production of product accessories.
Demand for magnesium-lithium alloys is increasing with areas that are desperately needed for weight reduction such as aerospace, weaponry, 3C products, and other civil applications.
　 In the field of aerospace, structural weight loss can be described as "Kerke's calculation." With a weight reduction of 1 kg, the launch cost can be reduced by 15,000 US dollars. In the field of weapons and equipment, if the weight of fighter aircraft is reduced by 15%, the aircraft's rolling distance can be shortened. Touch 5%, increase voyage 20%, increase payload 30%; in other civil areas, such as cars, for every 100kg of vehicle body reduction, CO2 emissions can be reduced by 9g.
The continuous progress of the preparation technology makes the ultra-light magnesium-lithium alloy an ideal structural weight-reducing material. Magnesium-lithium alloys can significantly reduce weight for China’s rockets, missiles, satellites, space stations, military aircraft, radars, etc., and solve the bottleneck problem of lightweight materials that restricts China’s weapon development.
　 New aluminum-magnesium-silicon-zinc-alloy-assisted vehicle body weight reduction ZHANG Yong-an YAN Li-zhen Beijing Research Center for Nonferrous Metals
For every 100kg of conventional car, the fuel consumption per 100km can be reduced by 0.3～0.6k, and the CO2 emission can be reduced by 5g/km. Of the CO2 emissions in Europe, 12% were passenger vehicles loaded with conventional internal combustion engines. In 2007, the number of vehicles commented on emissions was 158.7g/km. In 2015, the control target was 130g/km. Based on this calculation, the average fuel consumption of bicycles needs to be controlled at 5.6L/100km, and the control target for 2020 is 95g/km.
Lightweight vehicles meet the requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction, and will also be a key research project for the development of the automobile industry in the future. In the overall structure of the car, the weight of the car body accounts for about 30%. The weight of the car body is very important, and the development of the car body board material is particularly critical. At present, light weight aluminum alloys are mainly used for weight reduction of body panels .
　 The development of automobile aluminum alloy parts has experienced 2 series aluminum alloys, 5 series aluminum alloys and 6 series aluminum alloys, and 2 series has good welding performance and forging properties with high strength. However, it has poor formability, poor corrosion resistance, and slow response time for baking paint. As the outer and inner covers of the car body, its application is obviously constrained; the 5 Series has high formability but low strength, and the stamping process is easy to produce "orange peel" and slippery Line surface defects such as shifting, baking process accompanied by softening, suitable for inner cover, but limited application of outer cover; 6 series aluminum alloy T4 state has good formability, high strength after painting, stamping process is not easy to produce Lu Deguss belt, corrosion resistance and weldability are superior to 2 series aluminum alloys, and match with the existing automobile body production system, so 6 series aluminum alloys are considered as the most promising aluminum alloys for automobile bodies, and are also the most difficult to develop. Aluminum alloy for vehicles.
The production of 6000 series aluminum alloy sheet material of the cover and vehicle subject to casting, scalping, homogenizing treatment, hot rolling, batch annealing, cold rolling, solution treatment, cutting, and cleaning process, therefore, how to ensure sheet forming having Excellent ductility and lower strength, and how to ensure fast aging to achieve the highest level of strength are two major difficulties in its application.
A new Zn-added Al-Mg-Si alloy meets the requirements of high formability and rapid aging response synergy. It is verified by experiments that the addition of zinc has no effect on the yield strength of the alloy in the solution state and pre-aging state, and improves the alloy's Bake hardenability. The new alloy shows good formability and paint hardening.
　　
The application prospects of metal matrix composites in rail transit are bright. Zhao Hongjin Associate Dean, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
In recent years, China has strongly supported the development of rail transit. Take high-speed rails as an example. The main components of non-ferrous metal materials involved in rail transit materials are bodywork, doors, and interiors. In addition, they are used in brake pads, pantographs, and catenary structures. .
　 At present, the commonly used materials of the vehicle body are: stainless steel , aluminum alloy, high-strength weathering steel, waterproof coating , noise reduction materials, and the future development direction is large-sized hollow thin-wall aluminum, carbon fiber, composite materials; commonly used materials for doors are: stainless steel, aluminum Alloys, FRP, waterproof materials, future development materials will be aluminum foam ; built with aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys and other light metals, fiberglass, PC and other polymer materials, rubber materials, vibration damping materials, adhesives, the future will be hollow corrugated Aluminum and other composite materials, aluminum honeycomb panels and other honeycomb materials.
　　 The contact network is divided into two kinds: rigid and flexible. The rigid contact network mainly uses Cu-Mg and Cu-Cr-Zr materials. The rigid contact network has less tunnel clearance, easier maintenance, safe operation, and higher accident rate than the flexible contact network. Low-cost, cost-effective and other advantages, the extensive use of rigid contact network is the future development direction of intercity rail transportation and high-speed railway.
      2016/4/5  Source: China Nonferrous Metals
Hand Applied Wrapping Machine
The Hand Applied wrapping machine is a lightweight, low profile pipe wrapping machine that provides a simple way to apply tape coatings on pipelines. It can be used on any pipe 4" or larger and can accommodate tape with a core diameter of 1 1/2 or 3 inches. It can easily be used for either spiral or cigarette wrapping and is designed with separate tension adjustments for tape and release line take-up. This machine should be ordered by the width of the tape and not the diameter of the pipe.
Details:
· Hand Applied Wrapping Machine
· Applies tape coatings on pipelines
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· 2"-6" tape roll width
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Weight: 10 kg per pcs
Operation: at least 2 people
Anti-corrosion Tape Wrapping Machine
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