1. What is decoration pollution?
Decoration pollution refers to the harmful substances contained in decorative materials, furniture, etc. that are released into homes and office environments. The “Civil Construction Project Indoor Environmental Pollution Control Regulations†promulgated and implemented this year lists five major pollutants: formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, volatile organic compounds, and radioactive cesium.
2. What are the hazards of decoration pollution?
The release of decoration pollutants lasted for 3-15 years. Their hazards include:
1) It causes abnormal immune function, liver damage, liver damage and nerve center;
2) Injury to eyes, nose, throat, upper respiratory tract and skin;
3) cause chronic health injuries and reduce people's life span;
4) Severe causes of carcinogenesis, fetal malformation, infertility in women, etc.;
5) It has a great influence on children's normal growth and development, which can lead to leukemia, memory loss, growth retardation, etc.;
6) It's no surprise that women's skin is infringed. As formaldehyde has a strong irritant effect on the skin and mucous membranes, skin wrinkles, reduced sweat secretion and other symptoms may occur after contact. Reduced secretion of sweat will hinder the pores of the viscera and human metabolism.
3. How to judge indoor pollution?
1) Newly refurbished rooms or new homes purchased have irritating odors such as harshness and pungent odors, and they smell lingering for more than a year.
2) When you get up early in the morning, you feel bored, nauseous, and even dizzy.
3) Family members are often susceptible to colds.
4) Although I do not smoke, I rarely touch the smoking environment, but I often feel uncomfortable with a scorpion, foreign body sensation, and poor breathing.
5) Family members often have skin allergies and other problems, and they are also grouped.
6) Children in the family often cough, sneeze, and have reduced immunity. Children in newly renovated homes are reluctant to return home.
7) There is a common disease in the family, and after leaving this environment, the symptoms have changed significantly and improved.
8) The newlyweds are not pregnant for a long time and cannot find out the reasons.
9) Pregnant women find fetal malformations under normal pregnancy conditions.
10) After a new move or new decoration, the indoor plants are not easy to survive, and the leaves tend to yellow and wither. In particular, some plants with strong vitality are also difficult to grow normally.
11) After moving, domestic pet cats, dogs and even tropical fish died inexplicably, and it was also true of neighbors.
4. How to reduce indoor pollution in daily life?
Internal air pollution is not a problem that can be solved for a moment, especially for those who have already used unreasonable materials to decorate the house. Renovation is not practical. In this case, we should add some details to our daily life. Pay attention to minimize and avoid indoor air pollution:
1) Ventilation is the most effective and economical method. It should be ventilated as much as possible, irrespective of the presence of people in the home. On the one hand, the dilution effect of fresh air can dilute the indoor pollutants, which is conducive to the discharge of indoor pollutants. On the other hand, it helps the toxic and harmful gases in the decoration materials to be released as soon as possible. Open the window every day to ventilate to choose the right time, generally after 10 o'clock in the morning, minutes of early, middle and late ventilation for 20 minutes each. According to the degree of pollution in the home, different ventilation methods can be selected. However, it should be noted that when there is an elderly person in the home, it is not suitable for prolonged ventilation to prevent the facial paralysis and stroke induced by it. When outdoor air pollution is serious, do not open the window for ventilation.
2) Indoors maintain a certain humidity and temperature, humidity and temperature are too high, most of the pollutants will be emitted quickly from the decoration materials, which is unfavorable in the room when there are people, and high humidity is conducive to the proliferation of bacteria and other microorganisms. However, when there is no one in the house, for example, when traveling, you can take some measures to increase the humidity.
3) When using insecticides, deodorants, and incense deodorants, the amount of these substances will have a certain effect on the indoor pests and odors, but at the same time they will also cause some harm to the human body. In particular, when using a wet spray, the generated spray-like particles can absorb a large amount of harmful substances into the body, and the damage is much more severe than that of the dry type. In addition, the quality of aroma oils on the market is uneven, and good aroma oils, like some pure plant essential oils, are good for health, and have antiviral, anthelmintic, and antioxidant effects. However, some incense oils can cause irritation to the eyes, respiratory tract, or allergies. In a closed indoor environment, contaminated air containing chemical essences enters the human body, which can easily cause symptoms such as oxygen deficient fatigue and allergies. Especially pregnant women should be used with caution.
4) Try to avoid smoking in the room. It not only harms itself, but also causes greater harm to the surrounding people.
5. Should pay attention to those problems in the decoration process?
There are many sources of indoor environmental pollution, and a considerable portion of them are caused by improper materials used in the decoration process, including volatile organic gases such as formaldehyde, benzene, and xylene. Therefore, in the decoration process should try to choose the organic pollutants less content.
1) Oil paints use a lot of organic solvents to change their fluidity to meet the production and application needs. After the film is formed, the organic solvents will continuously evaporate. The water-based paint uses water as the solvent or dispersion medium to form the coating. Most of the evaporation is water. Indoor decoration using water-based paint instead of oil-based paint will greatly reduce the amount of indoor volatile organic compounds produced;
2) Use low-VOC carpets and plaster partitions;
3) Use dry insecticides instead of spray insecticides;
4) Avoid smoking.
New homes should be green and green. That is to say, in the decoration, natural materials are used as much as possible, or decorative materials that are proved to be harmless to the human body, with particular attention to the formaldehyde content in the laminate flooring, the radioactivity of the stone, and the xylene content of the coating. If your economic conditions permit, natural and elegant solid wood furniture can be the first choice. In addition, furniture decorated with natural resins is also a better choice. After the completion of the renovation of the new house, it must be ventilated every day. After at least 2 months, no odor will be allowed. If you stay in the room for a long time every day, you should always open the window for ventilation, and pay attention to doing some outdoor activities.
If the new house is detected, the formaldehyde content, radioactivity and other indicators exceed the standard, the best way is to pay attention to room ventilation. The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) issued compulsory standards for environmental control of 10 major types of materials, including wood-based panels, including furniture materials, and satisfactorily addressed indoor environmental pollution from the source.
So far only the China Environmental Product Accreditation Committee is the only company in China that has the right to issue green environmental protection signs. The products that can obtain this mark must have higher environmental protection requirements besides the quality and performance of their own products. Therefore, when consumers purchase materials, they must be sure whether there is a “Chinese environmental label†on the product packaging, that is, ten. Ring sign.
Before buying, you must ask the merchant for a formal inspection report that complies with the new standards issued by the national authoritative department to see if the comparison between the test results of various indicators and the relevant national standards is up to standard. In addition, consumers need to be careful that the inspection report requested must be the inspection report of the inspection agency, not the inspection report. Because some businesses take the method of sending sample and selling products differently, to obtain a certificate of conformity.
Controlling the amount of harmful substances in decoration materials and purchasing environmental protection materials are only one aspect of reducing indoor environmental pollution. Consumers and home improvement companies should also rationally design, choose pollution-free construction techniques and create good ones according to the area of ​​housing. Indoor ventilated environment, at the same time, the density of indoor furniture, the space capacity of the house, indoor air purification after the completion of renovation, testing and other issues are also issues that must be paid attention to during the renovation. Therefore, it is only in many aspects that it is possible to decorate green homes through comprehensive consideration.
6. How to choose environmentally friendly building materials?
There are several main types of environmentally friendly materials:
1) Basic non-toxic and harmless type. It refers to natural, self-existent or rarely poisonous and harmful materials, and simple decorative materials that have not been contaminated. Such as plaster, talc, sand, wood, some natural stone and so on.
2) Low toxicity, low emission type. It refers to the decorative materials that control the accumulation and slow release of poisonous and harmful substances through processing, synthesis, and other technical means, because of its slight toxicity, and no danger to human health. Such as low formaldehyde emission, to meet the national standards of large core boards, plywood, fiberboard and so on.
3) The current science and technology and testing methods cannot determine and evaluate the materials affected by their toxic substances. Such as environmentally friendly latex paint, environmentally friendly paint and other chemical synthetic materials. These materials are currently non-toxic and harmless, but with the development of science and technology, there may be a possibility of re-confirmation in the future.
What are the current environmental protection decorative materials?
1) Environment-friendly flooring: Grass-planting paving tiles are one of various colored paving products made from recycled high-density polyethylene. It can reduce storm runoff, reduce surface water pollution, and drain surface water. Used in public facilities.
2) Environmental wall material: A newly developed type of aerated concrete bricklaying, which can be cut and shaped with woodworking tools, masonry with a thin layer of mortar, and the surface is coated with a special sizing mortar, which has the effect of thermal insulation and energy storage.
3) Green wall decoration: grass wallpaper, hemp wallpaper, yarn silk wall covering and other products, with moisturizing, insect repellent, health care and other functions. The mildew-proof wallpaper has been chemically treated to eliminate the appearance of mildew, foaming, and mildew that occur when the wallpaper is wet or when there is a large temperature difference between the interior and exterior, and the surface is soft and has good air permeability.
4) Environmental protection pipe: Plastic and metal composite pipe is a high-tech product to replace metal pipe. Both inside and outside are high-density polyethylene materials, and the middle is aluminum. It combines the excellent performance of plastic and metal, and it does not rust. Pollution.
5) Green paint: Bio-emulsion paint, in addition to the construction is simple and there are a variety of colors, can bring colorful colors to the home. After brushing, it will emit bursts of fragrance, and it can also be re-brushed or treated with detergents to inhibit mold in the walls.
7. The use of furniture should pay attention to the following points:
1) Do not hurry to put your newly purchased furniture into the living room. It is best to place it in an empty room and use it after a while. It is best not to rush to check in the new furniture purchased by newly-renovated homes so that the harmful gases in the furniture can be released as soon as possible.
2) Be careful when using wardrobes made of artificial boards. Try not to put underwear, pajamas, and children's clothing inside. Because formaldehyde is an allergen, when the amount of formaldehyde that is released from the fiber to the skin exceeds a certain limit, allergic dermatitis is caused, and it is distributed on the chest, back, shoulders, elbows, thighs, and feet of the human body. Wait. Summer quilt in the closet should also pay attention, which will adsorb a lot of formaldehyde, must be fully cool and then use the sun.
3) The fabric sofa should not only pay attention to the fabric, but also be filled with more care. The material used for the filling material should be solid and uniform in elasticity. No matter if it is pressed, pressed or squeezed, it can rebound quickly after release of pressure, and there is no pollution.
4) Take some effective decontamination measures and materials inside the room and furniture to reduce the harmful gases released by the furniture. China Indoor Decoration Association's Indoor Environment Testing Center has developed a device that specifically adsorbs formaldehyde in the closet according to the requirements of consumers.
8. How to deal with pollution?
1) Physical Governance
Activated carbon, silica gel and molecular sieves are used to adsorb contaminated gases. In particular, activated carbon products are used for filtration and adsorption, ie physical adsorption. Or use anion purification device, negative ions attached to the pollution gas molecules to form large ions and settle down. Governance products can be selected in the "Supermarket Services". In addition, the use of a variety of electric air purifiers (such as Yadu decoration guards, Byner formaldehyde and other electrical appliances) can also play a role in chemical and physical governance.
2) Chemical treatment
The use of chemicals and harmful gases chemical changes, such as photocatalyst, formaldehyde remover, Keben Ling, deodorant and other oxidative pollution gases, treatment products can be selected in the "supermarket service". In addition, the use of a variety of electric air purifiers (such as Yadu decoration guards, Byner formaldehyde and other electrical appliances) can also play a role in chemical and physical governance.
3) Biological treatment
Use plants to absorb harmful gases in the air, or use microorganisms, enzymes for biological oxidation, and decomposition.
According to the recommendations of the China Indoor Environmental Monitoring Working Committee, one leaf orchid and Monstera can remove harmful substances in the air. Tiger spider plants and spider plants can absorb more than 80% of formaldehyde and other harmful gases in the room. Aloe is a good hand to absorb formaldehyde and can absorb 90% of formaldehyde contained in 1 cubic meter of air. Milan, Lamei, etc. can effectively remove harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide in the air. In addition, the cilia of plants such as orchids, osmanthus, and wax bloom can trap and attract floating particles and smoke in the air.
In addition, ivy and cycad can effectively absorb indoor benzene. Chlorophytum can “ingest†96% of indoor carbon monoxide, 86% of formaldehyde and nitrogen peroxide, and can also absorb 80% of benzene and 50% of trichloroethylene.
Flowers such as roses, sweet-scented osmanthus, violets, jasmines, and carnations will not only bring aromas to people's homes, they will make people relax and have a pleasant spirit. The volatile oils in their odors also have a significant bactericidal effect. In addition, a wide variety of cactus plants can absorb carbon dioxide from the living room to produce oxygen while increasing the concentration of negative ions in the indoor air.
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