Commonly Used Rail Bearing Equipment
Source: Bearing Network | Time: 2013-12-10
In the early days of rolling mills, the bearing equipment used was quite different from what is available today. At that time, two sets of spherical roller bearings were often placed side by side on the same roll neck. This setup was generally sufficient for the production conditions of the era, allowing rolling speeds up to 600 rpm. However, as technology advanced, the limitations of this design became more apparent. Issues such as short bearing life, high costs, low product precision, severe wear on the roll neck, and significant axial movement of the roll became more frequent. These types of bearings are most commonly found in rail mills. Over time, more advanced solutions have been developed to address these challenges. One of the popular options is a four-row cylindrical roller bearing combined with a thrust bearing. These cylindrical roller bearings are designed with tight fits between the inner diameter and the roll neck, enabling them to handle radial forces effectively. They offer high load capacity, high-speed performance, and precision. The inner and outer rings can be separated and exchanged easily, making maintenance and replacement straightforward. Additionally, they are cost-effective and simplify the disassembly process. The thrust bearings in this system are responsible for managing axial forces. Depending on the specific requirements of the rolling mill, various layout configurations can be selected. For heavy-duty applications at low speeds, thrust roller bearings are often used. These bearings feature small axial clearance, which allows them to effectively manage thrust loads. When high rolling speeds are required, angular contact ball bearings are preferred. These bearings not only offer high-speed capabilities but also allow for precise control of the gap, ensuring tight axial guidance for the roll while still being able to handle typical axial loads. This type of bearing equipment offers numerous advantages, including a long service life, high reliability, high precision, and ease of handling rolled products. As a result, it is currently the most widely used solution in the industry. It is commonly found in wire rod mills, sheet mills, foil mills, and both cold and hot rolling mills, particularly for support rolls and double support rolls. Another common option is the four-row tapered roller bearing. These bearings are capable of handling both radial and axial forces, eliminating the need for separate thrust bearings and allowing for a more compact main unit design. The inner diameter of the tapered roller bearing is loosely matched with the roll neck, making it easy to assemble and disassemble. However, this loose fit can sometimes lead to sliding creep. To prevent this, the inner diameter is often machined with spiral oil grooves to improve stability. Despite the development of newer technologies, this type of bearing is still widely used today. It can be found in four-roll hot and cold rolling mills, blanking machines, steel beam rolling mills, and other similar applications.
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