First, pruning after harvesting, cultivating good results of the mother branch.
Trimming includes retraction trimming (ie, short trimming) and sparing. Because a large amount of nutrients are consumed when fruit is hung, it takes a period of time to accumulate after harvesting, so that it has better ability to shoot. Therefore, it should be retracted and pruned about 15 days after fruit picking. If the branches and leaves are severely overlapped, moderate retraction trimming may be adopted, that is, the resulting female branches together with most of the base tips are cut away, leaving only a few leaves at the base of the base. The new shoots that have been retracted after retraction must be shredded, leaving 2 to 3 strips per branch for the first time. After the pruning, the second and third new shoots were taken, and each branch was left with a strong shoot, and the rest were cut. In this way, a suitable number of robust fruiting branches can be obtained. As a result, the large amount of nutrients stored in the mother branches for consumption during flowering and fruit setting is the basic condition for determining the level of yield. For the trimming mouth, the callus anti-corrosion film should be applied in time to be closed, and the sterilization and sterilization accelerate the healing of the tissue growth, and restore and strengthen the tree.
Second, the use of the promotion of flower king to promote control technology, the cultivation of flower spikes with high fruit set rate, thereby increasing the fruit set rate. After the last autumn shoots are matured (in late November), the spiral ring cut and spread can be used to replace the smudges and short spikes.
Third, improve the quality and yield of fruit
1. In order to make the scorpion laugh stable, it is necessary to circulate on the main branch or the big branch at the end of April to promote the flowering of the flower king 2 to control the summer shoots.
2, scientific fertilization can avoid falling flowers and falling fruit, the result rate is low. Fertilization throughout the year is mainly divided into three periods. 1 Pre-flowering fertilizer: Apply from the end of November to the beginning of December. The role is to promote flower bud differentiation, flower development, improve flower quality, increase fruit set rate, and delay the old decline in spring. In this period, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium account for about 20% to 25% of the annual application, and phosphorus accounts for 25% to 30%. . 2 strong fruit fertilizer: 10 to 15 days after flowering, the effect is to timely supplement the consumption during flowering, ensure the nutrients needed for fruit growth and development, reduce the second physiological fruit drop, promote fruit enlargement, and avoid tree body Excessive consumption of nutrients lays a good foundation for the germination of autumn shoots. This time, potassium is the main factor, and nitrogen and phosphorus are combined. Potassium accounts for 40% to 50% of the annual fertilization amount, and nitrogen and phosphorus account for 30% to 40%. 3 before and after fruit picking: about 7 to 10 days before fruit picking, the effect is to speed up the restoration of tree potential after harvesting, promote autumn shoots, cultivate strong maternal branches, and lay a foundation for high yield in the next year. Phosphorus and potassium are combined. The nitrogen application rate accounts for 45% to 55% of the annual fertilization amount, and phosphorus and potassium account for 30% to 40%. Attention should be paid to the use of organic fertilizers, which are applied after harvesting in the autumn and at the beginning of the spring. Litchi is mainly based on soil fertilization, and is supplemented by foliar spray fertilizer according to the actual needs of each phenological period. 4 Apply foliar fertilizer and growth regulator in a timely manner, and spray the fruit and fruit in the lychee flowering period, the young fruit stage and the fruit expansion period to maintain the balance of reproductive growth and vegetative growth, and strengthen the tree to avoid the cause. The phenomenon of falling flowers and fruit caused by insufficient supply of nutrients.
3, prevention and control of pests and diseases: the main damage to litchi fruits are Phytophthora capsici, scorpion, scorpion worm, small gray butterfly, etc., but the focus should be on controlling mites and fruit mites. Cut and burn the damaged leaves at any time, and evenly spray the tree guards to disinfect the insects to reduce the source of insects. From the beginning of the young fruit period, spray pesticides every 15 to 20 days. Dichlorvos plus appropriate amount of new high-fat film can increase the effective utilization rate of pesticide components, prevent infection and replication of the bacteria, and stop spraying 10 days before harvesting.
Fourth, the tree body is frozen
Before wintering and frosting, the tree body can evenly spread the general protection tree to improve the cold resistance of the tree, or use the lime 15kg plus water 15kg plus raw salt 150g plus lime sulfur mixture 0.5 kg to mix the trunk 1~1.5 m.
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Performance advantages of this model:
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