In the process of using pesticides , some farmers often complain that the medicine is not good, the control effect is poor, and even the phytotoxicity is caused. In addition to the possibility of buying and using fake and shoddy products, many times it is because of the lack of scientific use of pesticides. . Many large companies regard high quality and high efficiency as the goal of building products, high standards, zero defects, and quality as life. The products have undergone strict quality inspection before leaving the factory. Some manufacturers have set up specializations to ensure efficacy and avoid phytotoxicity. The biometric testing mechanism, as long as the scientific use of regular products, will certainly have a good control effect.
First, symptomatic choice of pesticides
A pesticide stores have hundreds of thousands of products, covering insects, mites, sterilization, weeding, warfarin, plant growth regulators, etc., should be for different control objects, select the appropriate pesticides, to avoid the abuse of drugs, chaos Use the medicine to get the right medicine. When selecting pesticides, you should have an understanding of the control objects. If you are not sure, ask the plant protection technicians. High-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue, environmentally-friendly pesticides should be used. After selecting the pesticide, you must understand the main performance characteristics of the drug and the target of prevention and treatment. The same medicine may have different trade names and must be understood when applied.
Second, timely application of pesticides
The occurrence and development of various pests and diseases have their inherent laws, and they all need suitable hosts (crops) and special environmental conditions. Only by choosing a reasonable application time, it is necessary to treat the weak link of the pests and diseases in order to receive the expected results and save the medication. In general, the disease prevention and control should be mastered at the initial stage, and the pests should be in the younger stage. At this time, it is necessary to combine the actual investigation in the field and apply the medicine on time. There are often some pests that are not easily detected when they first occur. It is too late to take control when it happens. It is too late. For example, in the diamondback moth, the eggs are harmed in the mesophyll after hatching, and then the “small skylight†is formed. This is the best time for prevention and control. When the leaves are bitten into large and small holes, the control is already late, and the age of the eggs is 3 years old. Above, no matter how good the pesticide is, it is difficult to work. The vegetable grower said that a pot of water uses four or five kinds of medicines. It costs ten yuan or is not dead. I understand that the medicine is basically the right choice. The key is to miss the most. Good application period. It is also necessary to combine timely meteorological conditions for timely prevention and control. For example, in high temperature weather, the temperature difference between day and night is large, there are water drops on the leaves, and it is easy to suffer from downy mildew, gray mold , sclerotinia, etc.; when the environment is dry, it is prone to aphids and white meal.
Third, the appropriate amount of pesticides
Mastering the appropriate application rate is an important part of controlling pests and weeds. If the dosage is too high, it will not only cause waste, but also increase environmental pollution, and even cause phytotoxicity to crops or poisoning of humans and animals; the dosage is too low and affects the control effect. It should be strictly in accordance with the specified dosage on the pesticide label, and should not be increased or decreased at will. In order to obtain accurate dosage, the control area, dosage and water should be accurately calculated, and the rate should not be estimated. The amount of application is usually expressed by the addition of water. In layman's terms, it is a barrel of water (15 kg) plus how many milliliters (grams) of medicine, or a bottle (bag) of medicine can be how many barrels of water. The amount of liquid to be used should be flexibly controlled according to the type of crop, the growth period, and the size of the plant. Generally, 50 to 75 kilograms per acre is used, and the leaves and leaves are sprayed at the back.
Fourth, choose the appropriate method of application
Due to different control objects, the application methods are also different. The most common method is spray method. The sprayers for controlling pests and weeds must be separated, otherwise it is easy to cause phytotoxicity. For the soil-borne diseases, the root-filling method must apply granules or drench the liquid to the underground pests. The larvae can damage the leaves like larvae. The larvae can be combined with the spray-watering method to obtain obvious effects.
5. Rational mixing of pesticides
If it is mixed, it can play a certain synergistic effect, treat multiple pests and diseases, reduce toxicity, enhance human and animal safety, delay pest and disease resistance, save manpower and medication, reduce production costs, and expand prevention and treatment effects. It must be noted that the mechanism of action between the components of the mixed medicament should be different from each other, and the resistance mechanism of the pest to each component of the mixed pesticide should be different. Most pesticide products on the market are now compounded. It is not necessary to mix other pesticides when controlling a pest. It should also be noted that there are many pesticides with different trade names, and the contents are the same and cannot be mixed.
Sixth, the rotation of pesticides
Production practices have long proven that the long-term use of certain pesticides in a region can easily lead to resistance to harmful organisms. Rotation of pesticides using different mechanisms of action can delay the development of resistance to pests and diseases and give full play to the efficacy of pesticides.
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