The turning tool is a single-edged tool. There are many types of turning work objects, but the names and functions of the parts are the same. A good turning tool must have a rigid handle and a sharp blade. The cutting edge angle of the turning tool directly affects the turning effect. The angles of different turning materials, workpiece materials and cutting edges are also different. The turning tool for the lathe has four important angles, namely the front clearance angle, the side clearance angle, the back oblique angle and the side oblique angle.
1) Front clearance angle
The angle from the nose to the inside of the knife is the front clearance angle. Due to the front clearance angle, a space is formed under the working surface and the cutting edge to concentrate the cutting action on the nose. If the angle is too small, the tool will rub on the surface, resulting in a rough surface, the angle is too large, the tool is prone to tremor, so that the nose and nose can not be light. When attaching the front clearance angle of the turning tool with the inclined middle handle, the angle of inclination of the handle should be considered. High-speed steel turning tools are between 8 and 10 degrees, and carbide turning tools are between 6 and 8 degrees.
2) Edge clearance angle
The angle at which the side of the knife is inclined from the cutting edge into the knife is the side clearance angle. The edge clearance angle creates a space between the working object surface and the side of the blade to concentrate the cutting action on the cutting edge to improve cutting efficiency. The angle of the high speed steel turning tool is between 10 and 12 degrees.
3) Rear bevel
The angle from the nose to the shank from the nose is the back angle. This angle is mainly to guide the chip removal and reduce the chip removal resistance. For general metal cutting, high speed steel turning tools are generally 8 to 16 degrees, while carbide turning tools are negatively inclined or zero degrees.
4) Edge angle
The top surface of the blade is inclined from the cutting edge to the other side, and the inclined surface and the horizontal plane are at an oblique angle. This angle is the angle at which the chips are separated from the work, making chip removal easy and effective turning. Cutting general metal, high-speed steel turning tools this angle is about 10 ~ 14 degrees, and carbide turning tools can be positive or negative.
5) Knife end angle
The front end of the blade is perpendicular to the shank. The effect of this angle is to maintain a gap between the front end of the blade and the workpiece to prevent the blade from rubbing against the workpiece or scratching the machined surface.
6) trimming angle
The angle between the front end of the blade and the shank is used to change the thickness of the slice. At the same time, the cutting angle can also change the direction of the force of the turning tool, reduce the resistance of the feeding and increase the life of the tool. Therefore, when roughing the car, it is better to use a turning tool with a larger cutting edge to reduce the resistance of the feeding and increase the cutting speed.
7) nose radius
The radius of the knife edge at the highest point of the blade. The nose radius is large and strong, and it is used for large cutting depth, but it is easy to generate high frequency vibration.
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